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This study evaluates whether pharmacogenetic testing (choosing medication based on a person's genetic makeup) can help improve pain management in patients with chronic pain. It enrolled patients aged 18 and older who had pain for at least 3 months and were treated or being considered for treatment with medications such as tramadol, hydrocodone, or codeine. It was a study with no assigned phase and has been completed.
The summary above is a plain-language rendering of the official record. The original English title is shown for reference.
Criteria are reproduced from the ClinicalTrials.gov record in the original English. Only the trial team can determine eligibility.
Inclusion Criteria: Chronic Pain Trial * Age ≥ 18 years * English speaking or Spanish speaking * Seen at primary care clinics (such as, but not limited to, Internal Medicine, Family Medicine or Pediatrics) or patients seen in pain-relevant specialty clinics * History of pain for at least the last 3 months * Currently treated or being considered for treatment with tramadol, hydrocodone, or codeine to improve pain management Exclusion Criteria Trial-wide: * Life expectancy less than 12 months * Are too cognitively impaired to provide informed consent and/or complete study protocol * Are institutionalized or too ill to participate (i.e. mental or nursing home facility or incarcerated) * Have a history of allogeneic stem cell transplant or liver transplant * People with prior clinical pharmacogenetic test results for genes relevant for the study in which they will enroll (CYP2D6 for the pain studies and CYP2D6 or CYP2C19 for depression) or already enrolled in an ADOPT PGx trial Chronic Pain * Plan to move out of the area within 6 months of enrollment * Undergoing treatment for an active cancer diagnosis * Currently taking daily opioids other than tramadol, codeine or hydrocodone